Gurbeti

Gurbeti (also Kurbet or Kurbat or غربتی in Persian) are a sub-group of the Romani people living in Turkey, Albania, Bulgaria, Kosovo, Serbia, and the former Yugoslavia whose members are Eastern Orthodox and predominantly Muslim Roma. The Gurbeti make up approximately two thirds of the population of Roma in Mačva, many of whom work in agriculture. In Kosovo, other Romani groups viewed the Gurbeti negatively.

In the 1960 Constitution of Cyprus, they were considered as part of the Turkish Cypriot community. Once the Gurbeti lived all over Cyprus. After 1975, with the Third Vienna Agreement they migrated, along with the majority of the Turkish Cypriots to Northern Cyprus. Immigration to the United Kingdom and Turkey has also taken place. They describe themselves as Turkish in terms of ethnicity and speak Kurbet language and Cypriot Turkish. In the 17th century, some migrated to Ottoman Rumelia. In the Republic of Cyprus, most live in the area of Agios Antonios in Limassol, and in the villages of Makounta, Stavrokonnou and Polis-Chrysochou in Paphos.

In Vuk Stefanović Karadžić's Serbian dictionary, the word Gurbet means "Gypsy foreign workers". The word is derived from Turkish gurbet, meaning "emigrate". The first mentions of nomadic Roma attributed as Gurbeti ancestors, from Ottoman Cyprus, is from the 17th century.

The Gurbeti in the Balkans share some cultural features with the Kalderaš, but also with other Xoraxane, who adopted Turkish culture since the Ottoman time. The majority of Gurbeti are Cultural Muslims while others belong to the Serbian Orthodox Church, and partly assimilated into society. They speak Kurbet language and Cypriot Turkish in Northern Cyprus, and Vlax Romani language, Albanian language, Serbian language and Rumelian Turkish at the Balkans.