Futou

The futou was also introduced in both Unified Silla and Balhae and continued to be worn by government officials until the late Joseon. The futou with a jinzi (lining) was also introduced back in the Sogdian areas in Central Asia spreading to the Western regions through the Xinjiang region. The futou with jinzi was also introduced in Japan during the Nara period through Prince Shōtoku. Đại Cồ Việt was introduced to the futou in the late 10th century and adapted various iterations from the Early Lê to the Nguyễn dynasty.

The refers to a lining used inside the ; it began to be used in 614 AD, and its purpose was to make the look more straight and beautiful in terms of appearance.

There are varying opinions on the origins of the in the literature. According to Chinese scholar Sun Ji in From Futou to Turban (), the first appeared in the 3rd century AD and was based on the headdress of a northern tribe.

The first appeared a type of kerchief made by cutting a piece of muslin fabric into the proper size and by attaching four long and wide ribbons at each corner of the fabric like four feet. This was large enough to cover all the hair of its wearer, and when it was worn, a kerchief had to be placed on the top of its wearer's head. Two of these ribbons were tied on the forehead while the other two were tied at the back of the wearer's head and was left hanging down. Prior to the Sui dynasty, the was a black piece of cloth.