Jisün

Jisün, also known as zhisun-fu (Chinese: 质孙服) or zhisun (simplified Chinese: 质孙; traditional Chinese: 質孫, also written as 只孙 or 直孙), zhixun (只逊), jixun (济逊), zhama (诈玛; 詐馬; Persian: جامه, romanized: jāma) or Jisun (济孙), was a very important male Mongol garment during the Yuan dynasty and jisün was a type of terlig. They were also known as Mongol robes of honour (khil'at). The jisün was a form of ceremonial clothing, which was worn during the jisün banquets (also known as zhama banquets), which were the most important ceremony of the Yuan dynasty court . Jisün were made of textile woven with gold and silk of one colour. In China, the jisün was introduced during the Yuan dynasty and the Ming dynasty continued to employ it. In both the Yuan and Ming dynasties, the jisün was a single-coloured court robe.

The jisün likely originated in the early period of Mongol rule; it was first introduced under Genghis Khan, but it became more elaborate after Kublai Khan established the Yuan.

In the Yuan dynasty, the jisün was worn by emperors and officials. This dress code also combined the clothing characteristics of both Han Chinese and Mongol ethnicities. However, it appears that there were two kind of jisün during the banquets: the first type which was worn as a formal dress for the Yuan Emperors, his officials and the nobilities, and the second type which was worn by the servants.

According to Collected Statutes of the Ming Dynasty and the Writings after a dream in Shining Spring (春明梦余录), the all wore jisün robes. According to the Collected Statutes of the Ming Dynasty, the Embroidered Uniform Guard who were on duty at the East and West City circuit and the other men in charge of whip-throwing, fan-holding, umbrella-like towel-holding also wore the jisün. According to Understanding Elegance, the red or green robes which were made out of silk and which were worn by the Embroidered Uniform Guard were called zhixun; the zhixun was decorated with ground flowers.